Relatórios técnicos
402, 2021
| Título | Levels of Radiofrequency Radiation from GSM Mobile Telephone Base Stations |
| Resumo | This report presents field survey measurements data and provides information on the levels of radiofrequency (RF) radiation to which members of the public may be exposed from mobile telephone base stations. The measured RF electromagnetic energy (EME) levels are compared with the maximum permitted limit for non-occupational exposure with respect to the Radiocommunications (Electromagnetic Radiation Human Exposure) Standard 1999 which specifies a maximum non-occupational exposure limit of 2 W/m2 (equivalent to 200 μW/cm2) at relevant base station frequencies. Although the focus of the survey was on measuring the RF EME emission levels from the digital Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), the environmental RF EME measurement component of the project involved investigating the EME levels from other sources, including the analog Advance Mobile Phone Systems (AMPS), VHF TV, UHF TV, AM radio, FM radio and Paging. The results clearly demonstrate that the RF EME emissions from GSM base stations are several orders of magnitude below the maximum permitted limit. A worst case RF EME power flux density prediction, based on our measurements from GSM base stations, is 0.178 μW/cm2 (the 200 μW/cm2 limit of power flux density is at least 1,000 times this predicted value). However, the average RF exposure level from GSM base stations is considerably less, at 0.0016 μW/cm2 (the 200 μW/cm2 limit of power flux density is at least 100,000 times this average value). Measurements of the fixed site environmental RF EME power flux density levels indicate that, relative to the maximum exposure limit permitted in the standard, after adjusting the exposure limit with respect to the frequency of the signal, the highest environmental RF exposure was FM radio (0.0259 μW/cm2), with the 200 μW/cm2 limit of power flux density at least 7,000 times this value. |
| Fonte | Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) |
| Origem | Austrália |
| Autor/Editor | Line et al. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://web.archive.org.au /awa/20161017024026mp_/http://www.arpansa.gov.au/pubs/technicalreports/rfrep129.pdf |
| Referência | Technical Report 129 |
| Data | Janeiro 2000 |
402, 2021
| Título | Stations de base pour téléphonie mobile (GSM) – Recommandation sur les mesures |
| Resumo | La présente publication, destinée aux autorités d’exécution et aux laboratoires de mesures, contient des instructions sur la manière de mesurer et d’évaluer le rayonnement émis par les stations de base de téléphonie mobile des réseaux GSM. Elle sert en même temps de base à l’accréditation des laboratoires effectuant de telles mesures. L’accent porte sur les mesures effectuées à l’intérieur des bâtiments. Après un bref aperçu de la technique GSM, les dispositions déterminantes de l’ordonnance sur la protection contre le rayonnement non ionisant (ORNI) sont expliquées et précisées. Suivent des recommandations détaillées concernant la méthode et les appareils de mesure, le traitement de l’incertitude de mesure et une évaluation des résultats conforme à l’ordonnance. Une des annexes concerne la détermination de l’incertitude de mesure, une autre l’extrapolation d’un résultat de mesure à la capacité maximale de l’installation émettrice. |
| Fonte | Office fédéral de l’environnement (OFEV) |
| Origem | Suiça |
| Autor/Editor | OFEV |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.bafu.admin.ch/ bafu/fr/home/themes/electrosmog/publications-etudes/publications/ stations-de-base-pour-telephonie-mobile.html |
| Referência | VU-5800-F |
| Data | Janeiro 2002 |
402, 2021
| Título | Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields: Practical Application of NRPB Guidance |
| Resumo | Current NRPB guidance on exposure to electromagnetic fields was published in 1993. Since then, NRPB has gained considerable experience of the practical implementation of this guidance in industrial environments.This report describes strategies that have been developed to allow comparisons to be made between measured exposure levels and the NRPB restrictions on exposure in situations where the straightforward application of the investigation levels may not always be appropriate. |
| Fonte | National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) |
| Origem | Reino Unido |
| Autor/Editor | P. J. Chadwick |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível por encomenda |
| Endereço | https://books.google.pt/books/ about/Occupational_Exposure_to_Electromagnetic.html? id=RFPsAAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y |
| Referência | NRPB – R301 |
| Data | Julho 1998 |
402, 2021
| Título | OET Bulletin 65 – Evaluating Compliance with FCC Guidelines for Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields |
| Resumo | This revised OET Bulletin 65 has been prepared to provide assistance in determining whether proposed or existing transmitting facilities, operations or devices comply with limits for human exposure to radiofrequency (RF) fields adopted by the Federal Communications. |
| Fonte | Federal Communications Commission (FCC) |
| Origem | Estados Unidos da América |
| Autor/Editor | Robert F. Cleveland, Jr., David M. Sylvar, Jerry L. Ulcek |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://transition.fcc.gov/Bureaus/ Engineering_Technology/Documents/ bulletins/oet65/oet65.pdf |
| Referência | OET Bulletin 65 |
| Data | Agosto 1997 |
402, 2021
| Título | A Practical Guide to the Determination of Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields |
| Resumo | NCRP Report No. 119 is intended to constitute a compendium of general knowledge useful to those health and safety professionals concerned with evaluating radiofrequency hazards. It provides a comprehensive collection of information on various radiofrequency radiation sources and a straightforward “how to” guide for estimating the exposures associated with these sources. Major sections of the Report treat the following subjects: • basic concepts, including definitions of terms and units • procedures for evaluation of exposures • instruments and measurement techniques • recommended areas for further research and technical or engineering development Appendices provide a quick reference source for use in assessing the relative significance of exposures from various radiofrequency sources, including a description of methods for performing practical measurements and computations. Explicit examples of exposure surveys for selected common sources are provided. |
| Fonte | National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) |
| Origem | Estados Unidos da América |
| Autor/Editor | NCRP |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível por encomenda |
| Endereço | https://ncrponline.org/shop/reports/ report-no-119-a-practical-guide-to-the-determination-of- human-exposure-to-radiofrequency-fields-1993 |
| Referência | NCRP Report No. 119 |
| Data | Janeiro 1993 |