Efeitos na Saúde
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Fourteenth report from SSI’s Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields, 2019) |
| Resumo | The results of the research review give no reason to change any reference levels or recommendations in the field. However, the observations of biological effects in animals due to weak radio wave exposure clearly show the importance of maintaining the Swedish Environmental Code 1 precautionary thinking. The hands-free recommendation for mobile phone calls remains even though trends of glioma incidences do not provide support for an increasing risk caused by mobile phone radio wave exposure. However, observed biological effects and uncertainties regarding possible longterm effects justify caution. The Swedish authorities’ recommendation to generally limit exposure to low frequency magnetic fields, due to the observed increased incidence of childhood leukaemia close to power lines, still remains. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ 47542ee6308b4c76b1d25ae0adceca15/2020-04-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risk—fourteenth-report-from-ssms-scientific-council-on-electromagnetic-fields-2019.pdf |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2020:04 |
| Data | Março 2020 |
| Título | Analysis of trends in brain tumour incidence in Sweden |
| Resumo | The present report provides support for the previous assessment made by the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority: Exposure to radiowaves while using mobile phones does not pose any significant risks leading to brain tumours. The recommendation to observe precautions by using hands-free equipment during mobile phone calls nevertheless remains in effect, mainly due to longterm uncertainties and indications of biological effects in animal studies. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ d3915306ae334933aa3a0fa8bd1b4e07/2019-26-analysis-of-trends-in-brain-tumour-incidence-in-sweden2.pdf |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2019:26 |
| Data | Dezembro 2019 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Thirteenth report from SSI’s Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields, 2018) |
| Resumo | The results of the research review give no reason to change any reference levels or recommendations in the field. The hands-free recommendation for mobile phone calls remains even though trends of glioma incidences do not provide support for an increasing risk caused by mobile phone exposure. However, uncertainties regarding possible long-term effects justifies caution. The authorities’ recommendation to limit the exposure for low frequency magnetic fields still remains, due to the conceivable correlation between this kind of fields and childhood leukaemia. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ ea182ee131d049f1b3b1140dd0fbc0f8/201908-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risk-thirteenth-report-from-ssms-scientific-council-on- electromagnetic-fields-2018.pdf |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2019:08 |
| Data | Maio 2019 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Twelfth report from SSI’s Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields, 2017) |
| Resumo | The present annual report is the twelfth in this series and covers studies published from October 2015 up to and including March 2017. The report covers different areas of EMF (static, low frequency, intermediate, and radio frequency fields) and different types of studies such as biological, human and epidemiological studies. No new health risks have been identified. Whether mobile phone use causes brain tumours or not was mainly addressed using time trends studies in the last two years. The results were not entirely consistent but mainly point towards a lack of association. Some cell and animal studies indicate that EMF exposure may cause oxidative stress even at low exposure levels. It is unclear what relevance this may have when it comes to direct health effects in humans. A striking result was that some studies showed a stronger association between memory functions and radio wave exposure than other usage variables. The annual report also has a section covering other relevant scientific reports published recently. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ f34de8333acd4ac2b22a9b072d9b33f9/201809-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risk |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2018:09 |
| Data | Abril 2018 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Eleventh report from SSI’s Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields, 2016) |
| Resumo | The present annual report is the eleventh in this series and covers studies published from October 2014 up to and including September 2015. The report covers different areas of EMF (static, low frequency, intermediate, and radio frequency fields) and different types of studies such as biological, human and epidemiological studies. This report also includes an overview of how scientific evidence of different causal links between exposure and health risks have changed over the past thirteen years. The annual report also has a section covering other relevant scientific reports published recently. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ 98d67d9e3301450da4b8d2e0f6107313/201615-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risk-eleventh-report-from-ssms-scientific-council-on-electromagnetic-fields-2016 |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2016:15 |
| Data | Abril 2016 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Tenth report from SSI’s Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields, 2015) |
| Resumo | This report includes an update on key issues such as extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia, effects from mobile phones, health risk from transmitters and self-reported electromagnetic hypersensitivity. The report also has a section covering other relevant expert reports published recently. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ ee7b28e0fee04e80bcaf84c24663a004/201519-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risk—tenth-report-from-ssms-scientific-council-on-electromagnetic-fields-2015 |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2015:19 |
| Data | Março 2015 |
| Título | Potential health effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) |
| Resumo | The purpose of this Opinion is to update the SCENIHR Opinions of 19 January 2009 ‘Health effects of exposure to EMF’ and 6 July 2009 ‘Research needs and methodology to address the remaining knowledge gaps on the potential health effects of EMF’ in the light of newly available information since then, and to give special consideration to areas where important knowledge gaps were identified in the previous Opinion. In addition, biophysical interaction mechanisms and the potential role of co-exposures to environmental stressors are discussed. |
| Fonte | European Commission Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) |
| Origem | Internacional |
| Autor/Editor | SCENIHR |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://ec.europa.eu/health/ scientific_committees/emerging/docs/scenihr_o_041.pdf |
| Referência | |
| Data | Janeiro 2015 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Ninth report from SSI’s Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields, 2014) |
| Resumo | The present annual report is number nine in the series and covers studies published up to and including September 2013. It covers different areas of EMF (static, low frequency intermediate and radio frequent fields) and different types of studies such as biological, human and epidemiological studies. This report includes an update on key issues such as extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia, effects from mobile phones, health risk from transmitters and self-reported electromagnetic hypersensitivity. The report also has a section covering other relevant expert reports published recently. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ 08b2f497b3ad48cf9e29a1d0008e7d82/201416-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risk-ninth-report-from-ssms-scientific-council-on-electromagnetic-fields-2014 |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2014:16 |
| Data | Março 2014 |
| Título | Eighth report from SSI’s Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields |
| Resumo | In this report covering both 2011 and 2012 an update on key issues is included such as extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields and childhood leukemia, effects from mobile phones, health risk from transmitters and self-reported electromagnetic hypersensitivity. It also covers different areas of EMF (static, low frequency intermediate and radio frequent fields) and different types of studies such as biological, human and epidemiological studies. The report also has a section covering other recent reports. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ 7f20edcd0b024940bca450d596568e30/201319-eighth-report-from-ssms-scientific-council-on-electromagnetic-fields |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2013:19 |
| Data | Março 2013 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Seventh annual report from SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields, 2010) |
| Resumo | This year has seen the publication of the long awaited Interphone study looking at brain tumour risk in mobile phone users. However, the advent of these new data does not change the overall picture being that for up to about ten years of mobile phone use associations with brain tumour risk are unlikely. This conclusion is based on the collective of studies on mobile phone use and brain tumour risk as well as on overall trends (rather lack thereof) in brain tumour statistics. For longer duration of use, for specific subtypes of cancer, and for children and adolescents data are sparse or non-existing, and conclusions are less certain. Available data do not indicate any risks related to exposure to RF from base stations or radio or TV antennas. Taking into account also the low levels of exposure that these sources give rise to, health effects from transmitters are unlikely. While heating remains the only established biological effect from exposure to RF fields, the studies on human volunteers showing effects on EEG in the alpha band are rather interesting and certainly warrant further study. The effects are weak and not associated with any behavioural or health consequences. However, they appear to be mediated by a mechanism other than heating. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ 63e6735284dc4634830c4dd6003d9b07/201044-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risk-seventh-annual-report-from-ssms-independent-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-2010 |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2010:44 |
| Data | Dezembro 2010 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Sixth annual report from SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields, 2009) |
| Resumo | This year’s report is biannual and, thus, covers a longer period than previous reports. The IEG’s report of 2009 is focused on radio frequency fields, which includes electromagnetic fields used for mobile telecommunications. Recent research within this area includes in vivo and in vitro experimental research, studies based on human volunteers, and epidemiologic research. Because of the increasing importance of research on cognition, one of the vacancies on the IEG has been filled with an expert in that area and research on cognitive functioning and electromagnetic fields is reviewed in this report. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ 921664c245584802811f517dbba81e7d/200936-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risks.-sixth-annual-report-from-ssms-independent-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-2009 |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2009:36 |
| Data | Dezembro 2009 |
| Título | Exposure to high frequency electromagnetic fields, biological effects and health consequences (100 kHz-300 GHz) |
| Resumo | This document addresses the current scientific evidence concerning exposure to high frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) and the resulting consequences for health. It covers all scientific aspects relevant in this area which include numerical dosimetry, measurements, biological laboratory investigations in vitro and in vivo, as well as epidemiological findings. This review was motivated by the needs of the World Health Organization’s International EMF Project and ICNIRP’s own agenda of reviewing its guidance and advice on the health hazards of EMF exposure. Since the 1998 publication of the ICNIRP guidelines on limiting exposure to electromagnetic fields, there have been important studies published, that need detailed analysis and discussion to determine their implications for health. This review only addresses high frequency EMFs from 100 kHz to 300 GHz. It aims at providing input to the respective health risk assessment currently undertaken by the World Health Organization (WHO). |
| Fonte | International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) |
| Origem | Internacional |
| Autor/Editor | ICNIRP |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível por encomenda |
| Endereço | https://www.icnirp.org/en/publications/ article/hf-review-2009.html |
| Referência | |
| Data | Julho 2009 |
| Título | Health effects of exposure to EMF |
| Resumo | The purpose of this Opinion is to update the SCENIHR Opinions of 19 January 2009 ‘Health effects of exposure to EMF’ and 6 July 2009 ‘Research needs and methodology to address the remaining knowledge gaps on the potential health effects of EMF’ in the light of newly available information since then, and to give special consideration to areas where important knowledge gaps were identified in the previous Opinion. In addition, biophysical interaction mechanisms and the potential role of co-exposures to environmental stressors are discussed. |
| Fonte | European Commission Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) |
| Origem | Internacional |
| Autor/Editor | SCENIHR |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://ec.europa.eu/health/ ph_risk/committees/04_scenihr/docs/scenihr_o_022.pdf |
| Referência | |
| Data | Janeiro 2009 |
| Título | Final Technical Report on Occupational EMF Exposure |
| Resumo | This report focuses on analysis of on-going and completed studies conducted in different European countries in the area of measurement methods and computer simulations used for specific EMF exposure assessment for occupational risk evaluation. |
| Fonte | Effects of the Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields: From Science to Public Health and Safer Workplace (EMF-NET) |
| Origem | Internacional |
| Autor/Editor | EMF-NET |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.ciop.pl/CIOPPortalWAR/ file/74478/EMFNET_MT2_D49_Final_technical_report.pdf |
| Referência | D49_EMFNET_MT2_Final_technical_report |
| Data | Abril 2008 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Fifth annual report from SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields, 2007) |
| Resumo | This year’s report covers a broad range of topics and the whole EMF spectrum. While previous reports have been focused on particular subjects the current report is broader and is divided by frequency with sections on static fields, extremely low frequency fields (ELF), intermediate fields, and radiofrequency fields (RF). The reason is the very fast technological development. As a result, EMF are used in an increasing number of applications and the exposure pattern is changing quickly. MR machines of increasing strength are being used in hospitals and give rise to different types of EMF exposure, including static fields. Intermediate frequency exposure is used more and more commonly for example in surveillance systems, cashier machines etc and add to the exposure to EMF. Mobile technology is also changing quickly and wifi, blue tooth etc are used with increasing frequency which also changes the exposure pattern of the population. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ 119df5b843164b93be8f7143321af021/200812-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risks.-fifth-annual-report-from-ssis-independent-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-2007 |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2008:12 |
| Data | Março 2008 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Fourth annual report from SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields, 2006) |
| Resumo | This year’s report includes a preamble in which the work process of the IEG is described. In particular the methods for evaluation of the results of studies as well as for synthesizing the scientific evidence within a research area are described. The main part of the report is divided into one section on ELF and another section on RF. Each of these sections discusses both experimental and observational studies. The report also comments upon a review from the UK on the possible relation between EMF and the hormone melatonin. In addition, the report includes a section that discusses newly emerging biological techniques that are of potential importance to laboratory EMF research. In last year’s report the concluding section listed some key issues on which it was considered possible to assess the scientific evidence based on the review in that year’s report and in previous years’ reports. This list of key issues has been updated in the current report. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ 54f003dfe0ec4a24a9b212963841983f/200704-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risks.-fourth-annual-report-from-ssis-independent-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-2006 |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2007:04 |
| Data | Março 2007 |
| Título | Recent Research on EMF and Health Risks (Third annual report from SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields 2005) |
| Resumo | In this year’s report the IEG evaluates some recent data on ELF fields, but the major part of the report is about RF fields and in particular about recent epidemiological studies on disease risk in relation to mobile phone use. Intense research has been ongoing for several years and new results are presented regularly. Yet, the IEG is aware of a number of additional studies that will appear in the next couple of years, particularly from the Interphone study. Therefore it would still be premature to make final assessments, except in some restricted areas. The report also comments on some recent laboratory studies, including genotoxicity, e.g. studies within the REFLEX programme, and important attempts to replicate some earlier neurological findings that had been given considerable visibility. The WHO International EMF project has now been ongoing for ten years and we report on the conclusions from several workshops and environmental health criteria documents that have been produced by this programme. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/contentassets/ 7892e511e7d04ca3bb01f1c81b0f5978/200602-recent-research-on-emf-and-health-risks.-third-annual-report-from-ssis-independent-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-2005 |
| Referência | SSI Rapport 2006:02 |
| Data | Março 2006 |
| Título | Recent Research on Mobile Telephony and Health Risks (Second annual report from SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields) |
| Resumo | In this year’s report the IEG evaluates some recent data on ELF fields, but the major part of the report is about RF fields and in particular about recent epidemiological studies on disease risk in relation to mobile phone use. Intense research has been ongoing for several years and new results are presented regularly. Yet, the IEG is aware of a number of additional studies that will appear in the next couple of years, particularly from the Interphone study. Therefore it would still be premature to make final assessments, except in some restricted areas. The report also comments on some recent laboratory studies, including genotoxicity, e.g. studies within the REFLEX programme, and important attempts to replicate some earlier neurological findings that had been given considerable visibility. The WHO International EMF project has now been ongoing for ten years and we report on the conclusions from several workshops and environmental health criteria documents that have been produced by this programme. |
| Fonte | Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) |
| Origem | Suécia |
| Autor/Editor | SSI’s Independent Expert Group on Electromagnetic Fields. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.who.int/peh-emf/ project/mapnatreps/ssiexpertgroup2004.pdf |
| Referência | Dnr 2004/3857-52 |
| Data | Dezembro 2004 |
| Título | Epidemiology of Health Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure |
| Resumo | The authors have undertaken a comprehensive review of epidemiologic studies about the effects of radiofrequency fields (RFs) on human health in order to summarize the current state of knowledge, explain the methodologic issues that are involved, and aid in the planning of future studies. There have been a large number of occupational studies over several decades, particularly on cancer,cardiovascular disease, adverse reproductive outcome, and cataract, in relation to RF exposure. More recently, there have been studies of residential exposure, mainly from radio and television transmitters, and especially focusing on leukemia. There have also been studies of mobile telephone users, particularly on brain tumors and less often on other cancers and on symptoms. Results of these studies to date give no consistent or convincing evidence of a causal relation between RF exposure and any adverse health effect. On the other hand, the studies have too many deficiencies to rule out an association. A key concern across all studies is the quality of assessment of RF exposure. Despite the ubiquity of new technologies using RFs, little is known about population exposure from RF sources and even less about the relative importance of different sources. Other cautions are that mobile phone studies to date have been able to address only relatively short lag periods, that almost no data are available on the consequences of childhood exposure, and that published data largely concentrate on a small number of outcomes, especially brain tumor and leukemia. |
| Fonte | International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) |
| Origem | Internacional |
| Autor/Editor | Standing Committee on Epidemiology: Ahlbom,A., Green,A., Kheifets,L., Savitz,D. and Swerdlow,A. |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1253668 |
| Referência | Environmental Health Perspectives, volume 112:1741-1754 |
| Data | Setembro 2004 |
| Título | Mobile Phones and Health |
| Resumo | In May 2000 the Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones (IEGMP), chaired by Sir William Stewart, issued its report on mobile phones and health. The report reviewed epidemiological and experimental studies relevant to an assessment of health effects from exposure to radiofrequency (RF) radiation from the use of mobile phones. It also made a number of recommendations that were designed to address public health concerns and related issues. This 2004 report, by the Board of NRPB, provides further advice to address remaining public concerns about mobile phone technology as well as related technological developments. It also reviews progress on implementing the recommendations in the Stewart Report. |
| Fonte | National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) |
| Origem | Reino Unido |
| Autor/Editor | NRPB |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140714112740/ http://www.hpa.org.uk/Publications/Radiation/NPRBArchive/DocumentsOfTheNRPB/Absd1505 |
| Referência | NRPC, Vol. 15, No. 5 |
| Data | Janeiro 2004 |
| Título | Recent Advances in Research on Radiofrequency Fields and Health: 2001-2003 |
| Resumo | The widespread use of wireless telecommunications devices, particularly mobile phones, has resulted in increased human exposure to radiofrequency (RF) fields. Although national and international agencies have established safety guidelines for exposure to RF fields, concerns remain about the potential for adverse health outcomes to occur in relation to RF field exposure. The extensive literature on RF fields and health has been reviewed by a number of authorities, including the Royal Society of Canada (1999), the American Cancer Society (2001), the European Commission’s Scientific Committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (2001), the British Medical Association (2001), the Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (2002), and the Health Council of the Netherlands (2002). This report provides an update on recent research results on the potential health risks of RF fields since the publication of the Royal Society of Canada report in 1999 (J. Toxicol. Env. Heal., B4, 1-143) and our previous 2001 update (J. Toxicol. Env. Heal., B4, 145-149), covering the period 2001-2003. The present report examines new data on dosimetry and exposure assessment, thermoregulation, biological effects such as enzyme induction, and toxicological effects, including genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and testicular and reproductive outcomes. Epidemiological studies of mobile phone users and occupationally exposed populations are examined, along with human and animal studies of neurological and behavioural effects. All of the authoritative reviews completed within the last two years have concluded that there is no clear evidence of adverse health effects associated with RF fields. At the same time, these same reviews support the need for further research to clarify the possible associations between RF fields and adverse health outcomes that have appeared in some reports. The results of the ongoing WHO study of mobile phones will provide important new information in this regard. |
| Fonte | Royal Society of Canada |
| Origem | Canadá |
| Autor/Editor | Royal Society of Canada |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17620203 |
| Referência | J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev, Jun-Jul 2007;10(4):287-318. |
| Data | Janeiro 2004 |
| Título | Reviews of the effects of RF fields on various aspects of human health |
| Resumo | These review papers were commissioned by the IEEE ICES(International Committee on Electromagnetic Safety) Subcommittee 4 on radio frequency (RF) standards. The reviews survey the scientific background of the issue for members of the subcommittee, as it prepares a proposed revision of the standard for exposure of human beings to RF fields (IEEE C95.1-1991). |
| Fonte | Bioelectromagnetics |
| Origem | Internacional |
| Autor/Editor | Ben Greenebaum |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/1521186x/2003/24/S6 |
| Referência | Bioelectromagnetics, Volume 24, Issue S6 |
| Data | Novembro 2003 |
| Título | Health Effects from Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields |
| Resumo | The Advisory Group provides support for the development of NRPB advice on non-ionising radiation. It was set up by the Director of NRPB in 1990 with terms of reference: “to review work on the biological effects of non-ionising radiation relevant to human health and to advise on research priorities”. The present report is the first by the Advisory Group to have comprehensively addressed scientific research related to concerns about exposures to RF fields. The Advisory Group considered that this report should cover sources of RF exposure as well as experimental and epidemiological studies relevant to concerns about human health. The RF fields to wich people may be exposed from a variety a variety of devices cover a wide range with very variable signal characteristics and these are considered. The report is limited, however, to radiation effects, and does not consider other aspects of mobile phone or other RF device use. |
| Fonte | National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) |
| Origem | Reino Unido |
| Autor/Editor | A. J. Swerdlow |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140714121633/ http://www.hpa.org.uk/Publications/Radiation/NPRBArchive/DocumentsOfTheNRPB/Absd1402 |
| Referência | NRPB, Vol. 14, No. 2 |
| Data | Janeiro 2003 |
| Título | Review of the Epidemiologic Literature on EMF and Health |
| Resumo | In this review, therefore, we summarize and discuss critically the current state of epidemiologic knowledge and the strengths and weaknesses of the available evidence on the relation of EMF exposure in man to risk of cancer and other adverse outcomes. We have taken EMF to refer to time-varying electric and/or magnetic fields <300 Hz. Where studies have specifically measured electric and/or magnetic fields, we have indicated the type of field; where they have not, or where it is not clear from the report, we have referred to EMF generically. We have restricted our attention to epidemiology, not experimental human studies; and although we have referred to some research on physiological effects, these are not reviewed systematically, and the review is primarily concerned with pathological end points. Particular attention is paid to methodological issues and to exposure measures because these have been a contentious and difficult area of EMF research and are critical to appraisal of the existing literature. Finally, we comment on areas where further research is needed. |
| Fonte | International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) |
| Origem | Internacional |
| Autor/Editor | Standing Committee on Epidemiology |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pmc/articles/PMC1240626/pdf/ehp109s-000911.pdf |
| Referência | Environmental Health Perspectives, volume 109, supplement 6 |
| Data | Dezembro 2001 |
| Título | Mobile Phones and Health – The Stewart Report |
| Resumo | This report considers present concerns about the possible health effects from the use of mobile phones, base stations and transmitters, it conducts a rigorous assessment of existing research and gives advice based on the present state of knowledge. It also makes recommendations on further work that should be carried out to improve the basis for sound advice. |
| Fonte | Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones (IEGMP) |
| Origem | Reino Unido |
| Autor/Editor | William Stewart |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100910162959/ http://www.iegmp.org.uk/report/text.htm |
| Referência | |
| Data | Maio 2000 |
| Título | Statement on health issues related to the use of hand-held radiotelephones and base transmitters |
| Resumo | This statement from the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) addresses the health issues related to the radiofrequency radiation emissions from hand-held radiotelephones and base transmitters. |
| Fonte | International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) |
| Origem | Internacional |
| Autor/Editor | ICNIRP |
| Disponibilidade | Disponível online |
| Endereço | https://www.icnirp.org/ cms/upload/publications/ICNIRPradiotelephones.pdf |
| Referência | Health Physics 70(4):383‐387; 1996 |
| Data | Abril 1996 |